# 4.10 Taxi & Shutdown

### Objective

To safely taxi from the runway to the gate and perform complete aircraft shutdown while maintaining SOP compliance, passenger comfort, and ground crew safety.

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</div>## Taxi After Landing

### Initial Rollout

**PF:**

- Maintain runway centerline
- Smoothly decelerate using: 
    - Autobrake (until 60–80 kt, siehe Landing SOP)
    - Reverse thrust (as required, idle ~70 kt)

**PM:**

- Monitor speed and runway clearance
- Call out speed reductions

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</div>### Runway Exit

- Enter taxiway at appropriate speed: 
    - **High-speed exit:** 40 kt target, max 50 kt
    - **Tighter turns / standard turns:** max 15 kt

**PF:**

- Steer via tiller / rudder pedals
- Maintain smooth control

**PM:**

- Monitor external traffic
- Verify lights and brake status

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</div>### Taxi to Gate

- **Taxi speed:** approx. **20 kt**
- Outside apron: up to **30 kt allowed**
- Follow ATC instructions
- Maintain situational awareness

**Lights:**

- Taxi lights → TAXI
- Landing lights → OFF
- Turnoff lights → ON

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</div>### Approach to Parking Spot / Stand

**PF:**

- Align aircraft with stand
- Reduce speed gradually
- Apply brakes smoothly

**PM:**

- Monitor nose wheel alignment
- Monitor stand guidance (marshaller / VDGS)
- Call out distance and alignment

**Ground Crew Safety:**

- **ALL front lights (Taxi, Landing, Turnoff) → OFF**
- Ensure visibility hazards minimized for ground personnel

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</div>### Engine Shutdown Procedure

Engine shutdown is based on **technical requirements**, not ground crew signals.

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</div>### Cooldown Requirement

After engine operation at higher thrust settings:

👉 A **minimum cooldown period of 60 seconds** must be observed before shutdown.

This applies from:

- The last time engine thrust exceeded approximately **50% N1**

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</div>### Purpose of Cooldown

The cooldown period ensures:

- Stabilization of engine temperatures
- Protection of internal components
- Prevention of thermal damage

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</div>### Standard Procedure

After parking brake is set:

1. Maintain engines at **IDLE thrust**
2. Monitor engine parameters
3. Wait **minimum 60 seconds cooldown**

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</div>### Engine Shutdown

After cooldown is complete:

- ENG MASTER switches → OFF

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</div>### Important Notes

- Do **NOT** shut down engines immediately after high thrust usage
- Reverse thrust and taxi phases must be considered in cooldown timing
- Ground crew does **NOT** determine shutdown timing

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</div>
### After Engine Shutdown (Turnaround)

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</div>### Objective

To safely transition the aircraft from engine operation to ground handling during turnaround while ensuring system stability and ground crew safety.

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</div>### Engine Spool Down Monitoring

After engine shutdown:

- Monitor engine parameters (N1)
- Ensure engines are fully spooled down

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</div>### Beacon Light Policy

👉 **Beacon must remain ON until engines are fully spooled down**

- Wait until **N1 &lt; 10%** on both engines

Only then:

- Beacon → OFF

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</div>### Purpose

This ensures:

- Clear indication to ground crew that engines are no longer hazardous
- Prevention of personnel approaching running or spooling engines

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</div>### APU Usage During Turnaround

The APU may remain in operation during turnaround depending on environmental conditions.

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</div>### Standard Practice

- APU → RUNNING (if required)

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</div>### Typical Use Cases

APU should remain ON when:

- **High outside temperatures (heat)** → cabin cooling required
- **Low outside temperatures (cold)** → cabin heating required
- No external power or air supply available

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</div>### When APU May Be Turned OFF

- External power is connected and stable
- Environmental conditions allow

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</div>### Electrical Configuration

- External Power → PREFERRED (if available)
- APU → BACKUP or primary (if needed)

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</div>### Cabin &amp; Systems

- Seatbelt Signs → OFF
- Fuel Pumps → AS REQUIRED
- Lighting → AS REQUIRED

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</div>### Key Principles

- Engine shutdown does not end aircraft responsibility
- Systems must remain stable during turnaround
- Passenger comfort must be considered

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</div>### Core Rule

**“Shutdown is a transition – not the end of operation.”**

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</div>### Outcome

- Safe handover to ground operations
- Protected ground crew
- Aircraft ready for next departure

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</div>## Aircraft Shutdown Procedure

<span style="color: rgb(224, 62, 45);">Apply if crew leave the aircraft and no new crew is there to take the aircraft.</span>

### Before Shutdown

**PM / PF:**

- Verify systems powered down safely
- Check fuel, lights, electrical systems

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</div>### Standard Shutdown Flow

1. **Engines → OFF** (Engine Master switches)
2. **APU → ON** (if ground power needed)
3. **External Power → CONNECTED**
4. **Battery switches → OFF (as required)**
5. **Anti-collision lights → OFF**
6. **Flight Instruments → Parked / Safe**
7. **Parking Brake → SET**

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</div>### After Shutdown

- Perform walk-around (virtual / checklist)
- Ensure aircraft ready for next flight
- Log flight details if required

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</div>### Key Principles

- Smooth, controlled taxi to gate
- Maximum taxi speed 20 kt (30 kt outside apron)
- All front lights **OFF** when entering parking stand
- Follow VA philosophy: passenger comfort &amp; ground crew safety first
- Shutdown only after full stop and all systems verified

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</div>### Outcome

- Aircraft safely at gate
- Engines off, systems secured
- Crew ready for debriefing / next flight